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Spaghetti for example is believed to have spread across Africa to Sicily and then on to Naples. For example, Milan (in the north of Italy) is known for risottos, Trieste (in the northeast of Italy) is known for multicultural food, Bologna (in the centre of Italy) is known for its tortellini, and Naples (in the south of Italy) is famous for its pizzas. Regional cuisine is represented by some of the major cities in Italy. Due to the climatic conditions and the different proximity to the sea, different basic foods and spices were available from region to region. Trade and the location on the Silk Road with its routes to Asia also influenced the local development of special dishes. The country was then split for a long time and influenced by surrounding countries such as Spain, France and others in Central Europe. Many different types of bread and pasta were made, and there was a variation in cooking techniques and preparation. Italian cuisine started to form after the fall of the Roman Empire when different cities began to separate and form their own traditions. Through the centuries, neighbouring regions, conquerors, high-profile chefs, political upheaval, and the discovery of the New World have influenced its development.
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Food and culture were very important at that time evident from the cookbook ( Apicius) which dates to the first century BC. Although the country known as Italy did not unite until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim traceable roots as far back as the 4th century BC. Italian cuisine has developed over the centuries. The most popular dishes and recipes, over the centuries, have often been created by ordinary people more so than by chefs, which is why many Italian recipes are suitable for home and daily cooking, respecting regional specificities, privileging only raw materials and ingredients from the region of origin of the dish and preserving its seasonality. Italian cuisine is at the origin of a turnover of more than €200 billion worldwide. One of the main characteristics of Italian cuisine is its simplicity, with many dishes made up of few ingredients, and therefore Italian cooks often rely on the quality of the ingredients, rather than the complexity of preparation. The cuisine has influenced several other cuisines around the world, chiefly that of the United States.
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Italian cuisine offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied around the world. Many dishes that were once regional have proliferated with variations throughout the country. Italian cuisine includes deeply rooted traditions common to the whole country, as well as all the regional gastronomies, different from each other, especially between the north and the south of Italy, which are in continuous exchange. It is one of the best known and most appreciated gastronomies worldwide. Significant changes occurred with the colonization of the Americas and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, capsicums, maize and sugar beet - the latter introduced in quantity in the 18th century. Italian cuisine ( Italian: Cucina italiana, pronounced ) is a Mediterranean cuisine consisting of the ingredients, recipes and cooking techniques developed across the Italian Peninsula since antiquity, and later spread around the world together with waves of Italian diaspora.